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1. individuals, characters, folks 替换 people , persons. 2. positive, favorable, rosy, promising, perfect, pleasurable, excellent, outstanding, superior 替换 good.
/ H7 e: [2 a# [0 ]3. dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill 替换 bad（如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换。）
: L8 E; {: z9 ^! L" i- t3 ~4. an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of, a host of, if not most 替换 many.
- M* M8 r9 @' t1 @& E! o. j! R1 h5. a slice of, quiet a few 替换 some.
' y: V: C0 B1 m- o6. harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that 替换 think。
" G3 I6 B# W$ b5 \( [- C$ I, \2 ~7. affair, business, matter 替换 thing.
5 }8 k2 q9 D; ]) J& e! |8. shared 替换 common . # D( f9 P( Y9 Q# a" s, p
9. reap huge fruits 替换 get many benefits. % ]' O3 x% y( K' ~4 p1 x% k
10. for my part ,from my own perspective 替换 in my opinion.
- g. r; I, s6 l, G4 Q2 _9 ]11. Increasing(ly), growing 替换 more and more（注意没有growingly这种形式。所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing修饰形容词，副词用increasingly.） 2 T, l5 x" `# |+ q' y) B: L& I
12. little if anything或little or nothing 替换 hardly.
* p0 y, n+ ^, s1 ?. U; D' K13. beneficial, rewarding 替换 helpful.
! ~" B* n1 `4 F5 C' t+ r14. shopper, client, consumer, purchaser 替换 customer. " i+ U; V$ ]$ d0 _
15. overwhelmingly, exceedingly, extremely, intensely 替换 very.
# I# T. w( z* [3 C16. hardly necessary, hardly inevitable…替换 unnecessary, avoidable.
, Z/ l6 k8 M* c6 V17. indispensable 替换 necessary.
$ l% o6 t$ j( i$ S/ g/ x18. sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替换sb take interest in / sb. be interested in.
% F6 q- ~. Z8 a5 n8 v5 F0 g4 l* |( a19. capture one's attention 替换 attract one's attention.
1 A1 y5 K7 E; K7 w2 \( B20. facet, demension, sphere 替换 aspet.
- S$ v8 K0 H% o( q7 U$ Q21. be indicative of, be suggestive of, be fearful of 替换 indicate,suggest, fear.
* i1 e1 z0 z" @! K1 x22. give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替换 cause.
( z& i, m% r- T9 f23. There are several reasons behind sth 替换…reasons for sth.
! S3 V% @; Z% ^$ ~6 d7 m24. desire 替换 want.
: g: `$ M0 h' I4 a6 l" N# v- e25. pour attention into 替换 pay attention to.
! M. E1 O& D7 Y/ b* S$ K4 j26. bear in mind that 替换 remember. * O0 ?$ F: q7 K6 o$ E) e
27. enjoy, possess 替换 have（注意process是过程的意思）。
) M9 V& a; ^9 U: ^2 m* t28. interaction 替换 communication.
) p9 g5 r. \! h9 B( `29. frown on sth 替换 be against , disagree with sth . ; l$ O2 W3 r, z" B& c+ M( w6 V
30. as an example 替换 for example, for instance.
. Q6 d" A0 e' N* r31. next to / virtually impossible 替换 nearly / almost impossible.
# Q( ^0 ^/ l! U) Y32. regarding / concerning 替换 about.
4 G. \. |5 K% V; b33. crucial /paramount 替换 important.
2 W4 }% k2 j4 g8 x8 Z34. 第一（in the first place/the first and foremost）；第二（there is one more point, I should touch on, that…）；第三（the last but not the least）. ; f* G' u% I: m! g
35. assiduous 替换 hard-working.
7 R6 Z$ M9 w$ L2 x+ _2 }1 l' s4 X36. arduous 替换 difficult. 5 G W# E$ ~6 Z& m6 @, ]
37. underdeveloped / financially-challenged 替换poor（因为poor通常含有贬义）. % V: v Q- U8 Y/ y m- D& I+ {
38. demonstrate / manifest 替换 show. , u# y4 Q0 f- y7 c1 k) ]& h2 U
39. invariably 替换 always.
; h! k, o. c( ^6 F4 t: E40. perilous / hazardous替换 dangerous.
2 P& C. A* `8 Q' h2 ~" L41. formidable 替换 difficult. " W- s' G8 ~8 F( p: a
42. quintessential 替换 typical（举例时常用，例如：a quintessential example should be cited that=for example; for instance）. & `& ~( e7 d' H% j( D' U. m
43. distinguished 替换 famous. 5 f. J7 r9 t3 ~5 |3 z7 P4 n
44. feasible 替换 possible.
" E* b- N4 S/ |45. consequently, accordingly替换 so. 6 Z3 k7 B0 v2 N
46. 通常，由数据推断出一定的结论，用Results indicate, infer, suggest, imply that……
$ \; T! f+ j) P! c0 |; S) ^# p47. 最常见的引述别人观点的词汇 Much of the research in sexual selection in the last two decades has examined how a female’s preference that does not influence her immediate reproductive success can still evolve if it is genetically correlated with another character under direct selection.(不要每次写到研究时总用study，可以用些其它的词汇，比如examine，work。)
2 h% i4 e- ~% `% s+ tTwo hypotheses for female preference evolution—runaway sexual selection and good genes selection—state that preferences evolve indirectly because they are genetically correlated with male traits that are under direct selection; that is, the preferences themselves are not under direct selection.(在引述别人的观点时，如果不能完全同意，使用state 比show更加中立些。)
: C) j2 K3 K( V9 ~Studies of receiver biases suggest that such analogies might not be broadly applicable.(suggest,又一种较为客观的引述观点的表达方法。)
8 b2 @" g. z1 ?: BBurley argued that the preference for red beaks is adaptive because it indicates male health, and this preference is then transferred to leg-band color.(argue,引用别人观点的又一表述。) $ c, x5 B6 L- @% }* z* J
According to the anti-monotony hypothesis, habituation plays an important role in the evolution of complex vocalizations in songbirds: Increased song complexity reduces habituation of neighboring males and courting females.(根据…)
& L# a- C' g/ J+ M' @Previous studies of acoustic and bioluminescent interactions had emphasized potential advantages to group-signaling organization, such as minimizing predation, preserving species-specific signal characters, or increasing the attractiveness of the group.(带有小小的强调) / m/ O' b; ?: J# i C
48.常见的连接词有，However, also, in addition, consequently, afterwards, moreover, Furthermore, further, although, unlike, in contrast, Similarly, Unfortunately, alternatively, parallel results, In order to, despite, For example, Compared with, other results, thus, therefore……用好连接词能使文章层次清楚，意思明确。比如，叙述有时间顺序的事件或文献，最早的文献可用AA advocated it for the first time.接下来可用Then BB further demonstrated that. 再接下来，可用Afterwards, CC……如果还有，可用More recent studies by DD……
7 Q& `6 N) P9 q* |来源：丁香园
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发表于 2015-4-30 10:43:59
