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1. individuals, characters, folks 替换 people , persons. 2. positive, favorable, rosy, promising, perfect, pleasurable, excellent, outstanding, superior 替换 good. 6 \. I/ J( Y1 ~, z+ z
3. dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill 替换 bad（如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换。） : z$ \( O: I8 v' d) k! K5 i
4. an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of, a host of, if not most 替换 many.
! l$ X' d0 C& G' _6 A; z5. a slice of, quiet a few 替换 some. 1 g8 q: o2 s4 }' N
6. harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that 替换 think。
) L, I' U/ J8 W2 B) \% J7. affair, business, matter 替换 thing.
! w$ d' K! L6 q( N% ]7 n# N: {; d8. shared 替换 common . ) ^( N' I+ u( Y& C
9. reap huge fruits 替换 get many benefits.
: ]% k) S8 X; }" W10. for my part ,from my own perspective 替换 in my opinion. 2 z: \: l' r4 c% ?7 E8 S5 W2 v
11. Increasing(ly), growing 替换 more and more（注意没有growingly这种形式。所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing修饰形容词，副词用increasingly.） . `8 t! |% [3 A8 \; i: ~
12. little if anything或little or nothing 替换 hardly.
4 U9 G/ a- C0 b- O13. beneficial, rewarding 替换 helpful. 3 _, {3 U1 L3 k+ F8 S4 O4 ]& `' g
14. shopper, client, consumer, purchaser 替换 customer. 2 V7 }% h0 g3 D! ]9 Z) y% H& k
15. overwhelmingly, exceedingly, extremely, intensely 替换 very. : y. [: U# m: |7 y8 k* [# s
16. hardly necessary, hardly inevitable…替换 unnecessary, avoidable.
/ y) D8 K* j5 I8 ?% \17. indispensable 替换 necessary. ' V- \( D8 M7 e c" `& u- r: V2 N
18. sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替换sb take interest in / sb. be interested in.
( K$ Z% q1 i9 ^# g% w2 n6 \2 q19. capture one's attention 替换 attract one's attention.
8 H1 Z# t" |8 h+ d7 U$ c: _20. facet, demension, sphere 替换 aspet.
' b+ ^$ d# Y) W, }21. be indicative of, be suggestive of, be fearful of 替换 indicate,suggest, fear. ! s' v0 Z0 u# Y& p" n. F
22. give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替换 cause. 1 G5 f+ _- |; @- o9 o% k9 j
23. There are several reasons behind sth 替换…reasons for sth. 8 P) R8 V6 Y0 S K* q
24. desire 替换 want. - G1 @' C1 y5 Q% h* q( M
25. pour attention into 替换 pay attention to.
, b' X" O, }; ]- X26. bear in mind that 替换 remember.
0 D) [4 W4 d: M0 c5 w$ H0 T27. enjoy, possess 替换 have（注意process是过程的意思）。 9 C' D$ e6 @0 |
28. interaction 替换 communication. K$ @1 o. b ?0 P
29. frown on sth 替换 be against , disagree with sth .
& H) m7 N4 z! {: P% W30. as an example 替换 for example, for instance. 8 y& \/ |! u/ ]% @6 d6 i" j; H
31. next to / virtually impossible 替换 nearly / almost impossible.
( Y2 F2 l6 }6 g2 K. V$ a& f6 d32. regarding / concerning 替换 about.
8 r: z, W& M8 E33. crucial /paramount 替换 important.
4 f5 r- U; W T# j/ N34. 第一（in the first place/the first and foremost）；第二（there is one more point, I should touch on, that…）；第三（the last but not the least）.
0 I; ~$ l/ |3 R: s& \* Y, `35. assiduous 替换 hard-working. " O) u. c r/ ^7 g: _2 f ]$ E v8 ]
36. arduous 替换 difficult. 9 t0 A! R8 C3 j0 `% Z
37. underdeveloped / financially-challenged 替换poor（因为poor通常含有贬义）.
; k% I" M) R8 e( L$ X5 L2 N7 [38. demonstrate / manifest 替换 show.
B- t" _) t8 s# \39. invariably 替换 always. 5 z+ R- H3 {. V% x3 e4 O% e
40. perilous / hazardous替换 dangerous. . P, q) @. N- C' l6 g* N
41. formidable 替换 difficult. & _4 N- Q( o" w7 `; M$ L. s
42. quintessential 替换 typical（举例时常用，例如：a quintessential example should be cited that=for example; for instance）.
- H: _ h' B- b5 S8 ?) e0 Q: z/ G43. distinguished 替换 famous.
: C5 b8 Y1 R- h* o8 ^! I44. feasible 替换 possible.
: z; `0 W# _! k1 ^6 ^45. consequently, accordingly替换 so. 1 Z- L; K Z/ @
46. 通常，由数据推断出一定的结论，用Results indicate, infer, suggest, imply that……
" v- J& U. a# f p47. 最常见的引述别人观点的词汇 Much of the research in sexual selection in the last two decades has examined how a female’s preference that does not influence her immediate reproductive success can still evolve if it is genetically correlated with another character under direct selection.(不要每次写到研究时总用study，可以用些其它的词汇，比如examine，work。)
}% q! E/ ~, q, g9 g \2 aTwo hypotheses for female preference evolution—runaway sexual selection and good genes selection—state that preferences evolve indirectly because they are genetically correlated with male traits that are under direct selection; that is, the preferences themselves are not under direct selection.(在引述别人的观点时，如果不能完全同意，使用state 比show更加中立些。) . M; \) W8 _# X5 t7 T, f2 v1 {% n; }
Studies of receiver biases suggest that such analogies might not be broadly applicable.(suggest,又一种较为客观的引述观点的表达方法。) 5 U' f0 t# ^0 D1 w
Burley argued that the preference for red beaks is adaptive because it indicates male health, and this preference is then transferred to leg-band color.(argue,引用别人观点的又一表述。)
1 p) p) y3 F( T; Z) Q$ U' EAccording to the anti-monotony hypothesis, habituation plays an important role in the evolution of complex vocalizations in songbirds: Increased song complexity reduces habituation of neighboring males and courting females.(根据…) - C0 ^: P$ o2 Q% F5 U" b) E
Previous studies of acoustic and bioluminescent interactions had emphasized potential advantages to group-signaling organization, such as minimizing predation, preserving species-specific signal characters, or increasing the attractiveness of the group.(带有小小的强调)
( a& J/ q9 p4 a: ` ]48.常见的连接词有，However, also, in addition, consequently, afterwards, moreover, Furthermore, further, although, unlike, in contrast, Similarly, Unfortunately, alternatively, parallel results, In order to, despite, For example, Compared with, other results, thus, therefore……用好连接词能使文章层次清楚，意思明确。比如，叙述有时间顺序的事件或文献，最早的文献可用AA advocated it for the first time.接下来可用Then BB further demonstrated that. 再接下来，可用Afterwards, CC……如果还有，可用More recent studies by DD…… ' X. s. M4 |9 |: J1 I6 a
来源：丁香园
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发表于 2015-4-30 10:43:59
