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1. individuals, characters, folks 替换 people , persons. 2. positive, favorable, rosy, promising, perfect, pleasurable, excellent, outstanding, superior 替换 good.
! g0 m5 y7 p! T- ~) O, {3. dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill 替换 bad（如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换。）
( ?7 K* x# h. U* b, n8 e4. an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of, a host of, if not most 替换 many.
2 b- V$ I" l% G/ Y' P5. a slice of, quiet a few 替换 some.
7 {3 g2 a* O! V, k5 L; \2 K6. harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that 替换 think。 # j( ?8 {+ F7 r0 n7 R) X
7. affair, business, matter 替换 thing. - F# n- Z# D' o/ }
8. shared 替换 common . ; o" w" h4 D0 o: c+ \3 Y
9. reap huge fruits 替换 get many benefits.
' k3 d- K3 Y1 d3 \$ k' H+ ]/ x/ k10. for my part ,from my own perspective 替换 in my opinion.
6 u5 p, `* Q# q11. Increasing(ly), growing 替换 more and more（注意没有growingly这种形式。所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing修饰形容词，副词用increasingly.）
, Y, p3 F1 z; K5 J12. little if anything或little or nothing 替换 hardly. - p- E$ @7 r( Z" r; z
13. beneficial, rewarding 替换 helpful. 0 h7 B: i6 J: S" {' v" r$ Z. G
14. shopper, client, consumer, purchaser 替换 customer.
3 V X; d. M5 j15. overwhelmingly, exceedingly, extremely, intensely 替换 very. 3 h! Y; X1 o$ u. ]8 _; Q1 g
16. hardly necessary, hardly inevitable…替换 unnecessary, avoidable.
$ U+ V& ^4 M5 ], b. F2 y17. indispensable 替换 necessary.
2 L& J: {9 d1 Q. Z' L( }; j18. sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替换sb take interest in / sb. be interested in. ( q/ C8 b* S/ ]3 v
19. capture one's attention 替换 attract one's attention.
! G* @! Q8 X$ e$ Y1 O20. facet, demension, sphere 替换 aspet.
- w: s& z$ {1 E21. be indicative of, be suggestive of, be fearful of 替换 indicate,suggest, fear.
1 r! w( Z, }8 j' w22. give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替换 cause.
( @! R! \* e2 L23. There are several reasons behind sth 替换…reasons for sth. / _% W% L. i( O' A# O- v
24. desire 替换 want.
# o1 V; L- C2 v, i$ t25. pour attention into 替换 pay attention to. 9 }4 n. B0 y( r
26. bear in mind that 替换 remember. . C4 R4 n1 U6 ?' b+ H% d* h
27. enjoy, possess 替换 have（注意process是过程的意思）。 5 {) z! o; T% E
28. interaction 替换 communication. 5 ]9 Q5 I( W8 K) {7 C; ~0 N. F
29. frown on sth 替换 be against , disagree with sth . : o0 m8 C6 x6 z4 `% a* c
30. as an example 替换 for example, for instance.
1 s- r$ f% `8 P3 z8 |31. next to / virtually impossible 替换 nearly / almost impossible.
- a# I1 g+ i& g5 B+ e5 q S32. regarding / concerning 替换 about.
/ _" h" L, u; T# l# ^+ m33. crucial /paramount 替换 important.
4 t3 ]2 J2 G9 n; @0 T' F34. 第一（in the first place/the first and foremost）；第二（there is one more point, I should touch on, that…）；第三（the last but not the least）. 8 j' b _ o4 x) Q5 E+ X: k
35. assiduous 替换 hard-working.
+ g5 X3 L; Y3 X" |# ~8 k36. arduous 替换 difficult.
' H3 B) U# W. u* j. m$ M( [# \37. underdeveloped / financially-challenged 替换poor（因为poor通常含有贬义）. / w w6 b& o p9 t" h
38. demonstrate / manifest 替换 show. 4 W3 N s, w/ f# C2 j; w( f0 ]% I
39. invariably 替换 always.
7 X% G2 Q# G" } g I9 N0 P4 }40. perilous / hazardous替换 dangerous. ) b! G1 w3 o3 ~5 `- E# {) D
41. formidable 替换 difficult.
& ?% U7 p2 T4 ?! i, E42. quintessential 替换 typical（举例时常用，例如：a quintessential example should be cited that=for example; for instance）.
0 v) D: I8 O" R; ^43. distinguished 替换 famous. ) _$ X7 O- ?. j* O' s7 p$ b
44. feasible 替换 possible.
8 F5 X, I4 S9 J$ Y8 L4 u& N2 \3 M7 {45. consequently, accordingly替换 so.
* Q# ]! G! n; ~) \6 Q+ V1 C1 e46. 通常，由数据推断出一定的结论，用Results indicate, infer, suggest, imply that……
+ H* ?5 s2 H; P3 z47. 最常见的引述别人观点的词汇 Much of the research in sexual selection in the last two decades has examined how a female’s preference that does not influence her immediate reproductive success can still evolve if it is genetically correlated with another character under direct selection.(不要每次写到研究时总用study，可以用些其它的词汇，比如examine，work。) & J9 x2 A6 W* I
Two hypotheses for female preference evolution—runaway sexual selection and good genes selection—state that preferences evolve indirectly because they are genetically correlated with male traits that are under direct selection; that is, the preferences themselves are not under direct selection.(在引述别人的观点时，如果不能完全同意，使用state 比show更加中立些。) * ?# f2 K6 X$ L$ n& @3 J, `
Studies of receiver biases suggest that such analogies might not be broadly applicable.(suggest,又一种较为客观的引述观点的表达方法。)
! [9 K. I3 K; ^; o1 |5 ]Burley argued that the preference for red beaks is adaptive because it indicates male health, and this preference is then transferred to leg-band color.(argue,引用别人观点的又一表述。)
( Y1 E3 A5 R0 ~5 T! l; j1 ~& ^According to the anti-monotony hypothesis, habituation plays an important role in the evolution of complex vocalizations in songbirds: Increased song complexity reduces habituation of neighboring males and courting females.(根据…) . Q& {6 m/ ]# i1 n9 [6 m) f9 e
Previous studies of acoustic and bioluminescent interactions had emphasized potential advantages to group-signaling organization, such as minimizing predation, preserving species-specific signal characters, or increasing the attractiveness of the group.(带有小小的强调)
. f" ?* u. @1 J: k; m; X48.常见的连接词有，However, also, in addition, consequently, afterwards, moreover, Furthermore, further, although, unlike, in contrast, Similarly, Unfortunately, alternatively, parallel results, In order to, despite, For example, Compared with, other results, thus, therefore……用好连接词能使文章层次清楚，意思明确。比如，叙述有时间顺序的事件或文献，最早的文献可用AA advocated it for the first time.接下来可用Then BB further demonstrated that. 再接下来，可用Afterwards, CC……如果还有，可用More recent studies by DD…… 7 a. a4 a2 G) f7 }6 h- \5 I1 |$ U6 V6 r
来源：丁香园 4 G8 R7 q# G8 Q# v7 C! C
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发表于 2015-4-30 10:43:59
