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1. individuals, characters, folks 替换 people , persons. 2. positive, favorable, rosy, promising, perfect, pleasurable, excellent, outstanding, superior 替换 good.
( U( J9 V6 K" `# @3. dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill 替换 bad（如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换。）
0 U7 s: `3 U" i1 Y4. an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of, a host of, if not most 替换 many. ( Y- ~, X+ n6 [" z( |9 u
5. a slice of, quiet a few 替换 some. * N, v& x/ S, W
6. harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that 替换 think。
" f6 N& J8 [# G7. affair, business, matter 替换 thing. ! {* E9 S H5 g: v( ]
8. shared 替换 common . 9 p7 \, X' Y) V" ?2 U
9. reap huge fruits 替换 get many benefits. ) c4 x3 u+ Q F3 `" w
10. for my part ,from my own perspective 替换 in my opinion. ' _& K+ }* U9 Q1 j
11. Increasing(ly), growing 替换 more and more（注意没有growingly这种形式。所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing修饰形容词，副词用increasingly.）
1 g, p0 d3 o9 S12. little if anything或little or nothing 替换 hardly. 5 P5 k) r% ^ U; {
13. beneficial, rewarding 替换 helpful.
) U. s0 @7 F+ @4 _14. shopper, client, consumer, purchaser 替换 customer.
/ Z' v. f$ O; u* J( A15. overwhelmingly, exceedingly, extremely, intensely 替换 very. u, C0 d# X6 w; X
16. hardly necessary, hardly inevitable…替换 unnecessary, avoidable. $ Z: u& k, X2 f1 C- s
17. indispensable 替换 necessary. % H0 l f( P& R6 `- o$ Y
18. sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替换sb take interest in / sb. be interested in.
4 ^9 Y: M' k- C7 @: `2 H19. capture one's attention 替换 attract one's attention. ( D1 S- ~, k* ]' b
20. facet, demension, sphere 替换 aspet. * B& L* y+ d8 h: G! l8 D' P# l: e9 r, P J
21. be indicative of, be suggestive of, be fearful of 替换 indicate,suggest, fear. ! v) j- Q- Z. Z2 m3 N) g
22. give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替换 cause. ) n$ Y8 u% J; a( O9 r" u) a
23. There are several reasons behind sth 替换…reasons for sth.
: d7 v6 ^& P4 h b3 e& n24. desire 替换 want. ' J0 R' o1 P9 R# }$ q
25. pour attention into 替换 pay attention to.
( |7 X8 D& p9 L- U, p; h2 `4 y/ H26. bear in mind that 替换 remember. - t* `7 X/ O7 K6 X- o! E
27. enjoy, possess 替换 have（注意process是过程的意思）。
& X% K5 E8 x, l1 W. y3 k* m+ P* {28. interaction 替换 communication.
9 f Z& p$ I/ `29. frown on sth 替换 be against , disagree with sth . 7 b) g7 v+ G0 X8 J7 I
30. as an example 替换 for example, for instance. : i+ o L6 [/ u6 F8 c" y1 p
31. next to / virtually impossible 替换 nearly / almost impossible. ( O/ J. p6 x* c4 b
32. regarding / concerning 替换 about. ; L9 G$ G; F4 k5 y
33. crucial /paramount 替换 important. ) n) d8 H, \, Z2 z. L3 W
34. 第一（in the first place/the first and foremost）；第二（there is one more point, I should touch on, that…）；第三（the last but not the least）.
2 B+ C+ [& U6 ]: B35. assiduous 替换 hard-working.
0 q5 v" ]' E6 k* m5 H36. arduous 替换 difficult. : y1 K: r2 R/ e# d2 H& w8 w& C, `
37. underdeveloped / financially-challenged 替换poor（因为poor通常含有贬义）.
" m5 @5 c" {7 K6 |38. demonstrate / manifest 替换 show. 3 }$ r5 x7 j* |. i- F) z
39. invariably 替换 always.
, V6 }; Z' K4 l! Q* j1 a5 [% e( [# ]40. perilous / hazardous替换 dangerous. 8 N) d6 |) B& T! f
41. formidable 替换 difficult. % _" s' E+ W* @ h) |0 M% t
42. quintessential 替换 typical（举例时常用，例如：a quintessential example should be cited that=for example; for instance）. # }* i, ]1 Y& p, x1 P2 r
43. distinguished 替换 famous.
5 s$ W7 T( M: C3 Z) W+ p6 h44. feasible 替换 possible. 5 Y- s; K4 p8 L$ X/ G
45. consequently, accordingly替换 so.
: O: b* n3 y: o Y46. 通常，由数据推断出一定的结论，用Results indicate, infer, suggest, imply that…… x7 S! F0 |' `
47. 最常见的引述别人观点的词汇 Much of the research in sexual selection in the last two decades has examined how a female’s preference that does not influence her immediate reproductive success can still evolve if it is genetically correlated with another character under direct selection.(不要每次写到研究时总用study，可以用些其它的词汇，比如examine，work。)
. ]9 P) d6 Q; T( c3 J; ]2 tTwo hypotheses for female preference evolution—runaway sexual selection and good genes selection—state that preferences evolve indirectly because they are genetically correlated with male traits that are under direct selection; that is, the preferences themselves are not under direct selection.(在引述别人的观点时，如果不能完全同意，使用state 比show更加中立些。)
# [ }7 {8 B/ G- zStudies of receiver biases suggest that such analogies might not be broadly applicable.(suggest,又一种较为客观的引述观点的表达方法。) - D( b! K5 ?3 u! E8 ~6 u
Burley argued that the preference for red beaks is adaptive because it indicates male health, and this preference is then transferred to leg-band color.(argue,引用别人观点的又一表述。)
/ x. Q9 ?6 P% |5 U! D2 a1 OAccording to the anti-monotony hypothesis, habituation plays an important role in the evolution of complex vocalizations in songbirds: Increased song complexity reduces habituation of neighboring males and courting females.(根据…) : Y5 a% z+ a) G7 j9 x, n3 z
Previous studies of acoustic and bioluminescent interactions had emphasized potential advantages to group-signaling organization, such as minimizing predation, preserving species-specific signal characters, or increasing the attractiveness of the group.(带有小小的强调) 4 K& K, J! U1 X7 w8 H1 F9 ^
48.常见的连接词有，However, also, in addition, consequently, afterwards, moreover, Furthermore, further, although, unlike, in contrast, Similarly, Unfortunately, alternatively, parallel results, In order to, despite, For example, Compared with, other results, thus, therefore……用好连接词能使文章层次清楚，意思明确。比如，叙述有时间顺序的事件或文献，最早的文献可用AA advocated it for the first time.接下来可用Then BB further demonstrated that. 再接下来，可用Afterwards, CC……如果还有，可用More recent studies by DD…… * p. T1 M7 F; e. c9 ]; ~) V% e' t
来源：丁香园
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发表于 2015-4-30 10:43:59
