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1. individuals, characters, folks 替换 people , persons. 2. positive, favorable, rosy, promising, perfect, pleasurable, excellent, outstanding, superior 替换 good. : R& R" t; H- Z) U8 n# W
3. dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill 替换 bad（如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换。） - G" Y$ u% q. `5 h: o
4. an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of, a host of, if not most 替换 many.
/ _* v8 c& K( F ^& \. m$ w4 ]5. a slice of, quiet a few 替换 some.
: V' w K& ^; P( Z9 [7 E' y6 T6. harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that 替换 think。 & z& `! c' `1 t. h
7. affair, business, matter 替换 thing.
& d- w' |. r+ Q% k0 m8. shared 替换 common .
! h/ K# ^5 E; X$ y" l+ p! Q V- `9. reap huge fruits 替换 get many benefits. , W, H+ q/ {' ^4 J8 Y
10. for my part ,from my own perspective 替换 in my opinion.
* e: _' @" ~( H, {11. Increasing(ly), growing 替换 more and more（注意没有growingly这种形式。所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing修饰形容词，副词用increasingly.）
) D& t! m D; f12. little if anything或little or nothing 替换 hardly. $ g+ d, ~8 n$ @! ^0 o0 r
13. beneficial, rewarding 替换 helpful.
0 X; N* l( D5 k& h: \, r! r14. shopper, client, consumer, purchaser 替换 customer.
7 ]4 M% V# [ i/ B. F9 c R0 Q( O15. overwhelmingly, exceedingly, extremely, intensely 替换 very.
8 @% ^3 c" ^4 @! d+ z) k5 R# t16. hardly necessary, hardly inevitable…替换 unnecessary, avoidable. $ Z5 `! O/ d5 c, K& b% c. `
17. indispensable 替换 necessary. g9 X8 q3 `2 Z2 R. }! X
18. sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替换sb take interest in / sb. be interested in.
. D. o& ~' f% E$ Y19. capture one's attention 替换 attract one's attention.
: z9 O+ C0 {/ r0 F- |3 g/ c20. facet, demension, sphere 替换 aspet. # ?0 Q5 o% }! b( Q [
21. be indicative of, be suggestive of, be fearful of 替换 indicate,suggest, fear. 2 H8 c9 H! F1 c8 q
22. give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替换 cause. 4 {2 f8 E: j$ w, f* I: Y" t
23. There are several reasons behind sth 替换…reasons for sth.
2 N( n3 k: T4 l6 ?24. desire 替换 want. , o# I( `% o# R4 G. S
25. pour attention into 替换 pay attention to.
+ v- S& x1 H' J1 c" {26. bear in mind that 替换 remember. 1 S# u$ w; T3 y# q* U- U
27. enjoy, possess 替换 have（注意process是过程的意思）。
, ^$ a$ c+ G- r* ?' u28. interaction 替换 communication.
, h1 h9 e) y! `2 m! j1 w1 P29. frown on sth 替换 be against , disagree with sth .
% H0 J' ^( J; D30. as an example 替换 for example, for instance. 5 t" W0 X! T, |* W+ w6 B
31. next to / virtually impossible 替换 nearly / almost impossible.
: ^. W0 h% d9 k7 I: S32. regarding / concerning 替换 about.
% m+ b5 d5 _/ }* Y$ r% Z33. crucial /paramount 替换 important.
7 ~: ~5 K/ I3 W$ L2 a( f34. 第一（in the first place/the first and foremost）；第二（there is one more point, I should touch on, that…）；第三（the last but not the least）.
7 k& T9 D& b& d" k- r; B* A35. assiduous 替换 hard-working.
4 a- q/ Y' t7 ^1 v c- {36. arduous 替换 difficult.
9 v0 v" K9 n* }. q! }37. underdeveloped / financially-challenged 替换poor（因为poor通常含有贬义）.
: F: x/ W8 q8 r, o& ~38. demonstrate / manifest 替换 show. " }% X0 g# A/ \8 p) {8 W
39. invariably 替换 always.
. l3 G3 P1 X i40. perilous / hazardous替换 dangerous.
6 \- T0 n* u1 s0 Q41. formidable 替换 difficult. 7 s- F% D$ |0 }, b% C( N' R
42. quintessential 替换 typical（举例时常用，例如：a quintessential example should be cited that=for example; for instance）. 4 \# C7 _8 _7 E% Z1 [ y; `7 w6 i
43. distinguished 替换 famous.
& S' X0 t9 n! z' {' w44. feasible 替换 possible.
2 v' a6 V- K% J$ O* [5 u6 _45. consequently, accordingly替换 so. ( u) a f6 D' J& x7 H1 s
46. 通常，由数据推断出一定的结论，用Results indicate, infer, suggest, imply that……
" X& M5 K8 b q$ p47. 最常见的引述别人观点的词汇 Much of the research in sexual selection in the last two decades has examined how a female’s preference that does not influence her immediate reproductive success can still evolve if it is genetically correlated with another character under direct selection.(不要每次写到研究时总用study，可以用些其它的词汇，比如examine，work。)
( {6 G9 K) G0 Q4 R: WTwo hypotheses for female preference evolution—runaway sexual selection and good genes selection—state that preferences evolve indirectly because they are genetically correlated with male traits that are under direct selection; that is, the preferences themselves are not under direct selection.(在引述别人的观点时，如果不能完全同意，使用state 比show更加中立些。)
# n: s6 M2 N r3 Q7 B, f/ cStudies of receiver biases suggest that such analogies might not be broadly applicable.(suggest,又一种较为客观的引述观点的表达方法。)
% I$ ^2 A( J! I- D, {Burley argued that the preference for red beaks is adaptive because it indicates male health, and this preference is then transferred to leg-band color.(argue,引用别人观点的又一表述。)
6 `4 {2 \8 u" l( F, ~1 L) SAccording to the anti-monotony hypothesis, habituation plays an important role in the evolution of complex vocalizations in songbirds: Increased song complexity reduces habituation of neighboring males and courting females.(根据…) 3 G, \! @: s0 g
Previous studies of acoustic and bioluminescent interactions had emphasized potential advantages to group-signaling organization, such as minimizing predation, preserving species-specific signal characters, or increasing the attractiveness of the group.(带有小小的强调) ) g R. R D: Q: t t$ h
48.常见的连接词有，However, also, in addition, consequently, afterwards, moreover, Furthermore, further, although, unlike, in contrast, Similarly, Unfortunately, alternatively, parallel results, In order to, despite, For example, Compared with, other results, thus, therefore……用好连接词能使文章层次清楚，意思明确。比如，叙述有时间顺序的事件或文献，最早的文献可用AA advocated it for the first time.接下来可用Then BB further demonstrated that. 再接下来，可用Afterwards, CC……如果还有，可用More recent studies by DD…… 3 U' o3 c6 l# F. f
来源：丁香园
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发表于 2015-4-30 10:43:59
