|
1. individuals, characters, folks 替换 people , persons. 2. positive, favorable, rosy, promising, perfect, pleasurable, excellent, outstanding, superior 替换 good.
_& u# _8 ]9 s; K2 E0 V3. dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill 替换 bad（如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换。）
2 }3 Y) P# Q# K4. an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of, a host of, if not most 替换 many.
B1 |1 n/ w+ m: @$ R$ q) [5. a slice of, quiet a few 替换 some.
$ z& b8 b; X0 U" Z6 d- P3 P6. harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that 替换 think。
" R; C7 M8 q! d9 a4 b, g& g- h7. affair, business, matter 替换 thing.
$ \, u/ h% K: @# T8. shared 替换 common .
2 G4 W& k0 ~* y5 @' C9. reap huge fruits 替换 get many benefits. ( x. x1 J4 F7 e# c% J$ Z( Y
10. for my part ,from my own perspective 替换 in my opinion.
4 z% z4 T+ Y: h0 {! U+ u11. Increasing(ly), growing 替换 more and more（注意没有growingly这种形式。所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing修饰形容词，副词用increasingly.）
' s' @# w! Z, o7 l12. little if anything或little or nothing 替换 hardly.
/ N) P# f# j3 l13. beneficial, rewarding 替换 helpful.
/ l4 a X( Y2 B `14. shopper, client, consumer, purchaser 替换 customer.
, s3 W8 V: u" X4 |1 E15. overwhelmingly, exceedingly, extremely, intensely 替换 very.
5 m2 v9 }! F8 c: q3 r6 w! V16. hardly necessary, hardly inevitable…替换 unnecessary, avoidable. 0 Q$ t8 }* U0 D$ I ^2 o
17. indispensable 替换 necessary. % `* D, `. J7 b2 J8 x: C: F
18. sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替换sb take interest in / sb. be interested in. 7 e f+ W; s9 g- Q
19. capture one's attention 替换 attract one's attention. 1 W% d5 P% Q1 z
20. facet, demension, sphere 替换 aspet. 4 m+ D Z% h$ Z
21. be indicative of, be suggestive of, be fearful of 替换 indicate,suggest, fear. 7 ?0 S4 f; |8 s) I/ l$ Y$ _
22. give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替换 cause. 5 t" r, I4 g! M8 S3 O2 ?$ h
23. There are several reasons behind sth 替换…reasons for sth. % j z. M3 u& r- W# ?
24. desire 替换 want.
: G7 s7 o( p8 K25. pour attention into 替换 pay attention to.
0 ?! `% ` v+ i+ t+ q7 t0 F1 Y26. bear in mind that 替换 remember. 8 A& p |/ O5 J: }
27. enjoy, possess 替换 have（注意process是过程的意思）。 A; a, i; S; ]
28. interaction 替换 communication.
2 O5 z% O7 \8 T29. frown on sth 替换 be against , disagree with sth .
5 K! U9 S& g% b30. as an example 替换 for example, for instance.
5 r! D I5 N8 r# k* [" p3 n+ k' N31. next to / virtually impossible 替换 nearly / almost impossible. 9 g1 i( C2 S9 ?- }- Y
32. regarding / concerning 替换 about. ( p1 ` [6 T# y7 `) w' H" h
33. crucial /paramount 替换 important.
+ Q7 ]+ `( e: S& ?1 X+ Z1 i34. 第一（in the first place/the first and foremost）；第二（there is one more point, I should touch on, that…）；第三（the last but not the least）. . e8 S# W9 m/ y8 U2 q
35. assiduous 替换 hard-working.
( }3 \8 h% M* J0 z* l Y36. arduous 替换 difficult.
' z% n+ K b8 p5 b37. underdeveloped / financially-challenged 替换poor（因为poor通常含有贬义）.
- f7 u9 m# I1 ?5 a) O38. demonstrate / manifest 替换 show. % e0 Q/ V/ j% A p* m
39. invariably 替换 always. : R* S. p3 B! l8 y U8 H2 o$ d( j! C
40. perilous / hazardous替换 dangerous. % }3 D) f: j: M- n! N+ o
41. formidable 替换 difficult.
" o/ j$ G4 c/ ?( T6 R* l42. quintessential 替换 typical（举例时常用，例如：a quintessential example should be cited that=for example; for instance）.
: g- l+ [5 P R9 V3 Z) r' V43. distinguished 替换 famous.
/ [8 ~- z% W/ R* Y" ~44. feasible 替换 possible.
T) c6 x" I5 ~! q* A# X45. consequently, accordingly替换 so. 2 J0 h- J( B ^! I
46. 通常，由数据推断出一定的结论，用Results indicate, infer, suggest, imply that……
7 L$ @: ~, O+ R8 W I4 U8 X47. 最常见的引述别人观点的词汇 Much of the research in sexual selection in the last two decades has examined how a female’s preference that does not influence her immediate reproductive success can still evolve if it is genetically correlated with another character under direct selection.(不要每次写到研究时总用study，可以用些其它的词汇，比如examine，work。) 7 s8 M. o& S5 W6 z, ]9 ~1 X
Two hypotheses for female preference evolution—runaway sexual selection and good genes selection—state that preferences evolve indirectly because they are genetically correlated with male traits that are under direct selection; that is, the preferences themselves are not under direct selection.(在引述别人的观点时，如果不能完全同意，使用state 比show更加中立些。)
6 i/ I& y8 ^" B! D* N& VStudies of receiver biases suggest that such analogies might not be broadly applicable.(suggest,又一种较为客观的引述观点的表达方法。)
3 B3 n& X/ b; H* j; k& hBurley argued that the preference for red beaks is adaptive because it indicates male health, and this preference is then transferred to leg-band color.(argue,引用别人观点的又一表述。)
* p1 k4 m" D) ~1 I7 F* mAccording to the anti-monotony hypothesis, habituation plays an important role in the evolution of complex vocalizations in songbirds: Increased song complexity reduces habituation of neighboring males and courting females.(根据…) . T3 F" f3 d# B: T
Previous studies of acoustic and bioluminescent interactions had emphasized potential advantages to group-signaling organization, such as minimizing predation, preserving species-specific signal characters, or increasing the attractiveness of the group.(带有小小的强调) ' z& ]7 z4 N3 v [
48.常见的连接词有，However, also, in addition, consequently, afterwards, moreover, Furthermore, further, although, unlike, in contrast, Similarly, Unfortunately, alternatively, parallel results, In order to, despite, For example, Compared with, other results, thus, therefore……用好连接词能使文章层次清楚，意思明确。比如，叙述有时间顺序的事件或文献，最早的文献可用AA advocated it for the first time.接下来可用Then BB further demonstrated that. 再接下来，可用Afterwards, CC……如果还有，可用More recent studies by DD…… ! T$ G/ v& S5 _" \8 ?2 a2 J
来源：丁香园
# b6 Y' V0 M# Y$ F | 
发表于 2015-4-30 10:43:59
