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1. individuals, characters, folks 替换 people , persons. 2. positive, favorable, rosy, promising, perfect, pleasurable, excellent, outstanding, superior 替换 good.
+ I* k# N7 o: I, a* l; _+ B3. dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill 替换 bad（如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换。） 1 Z# Y+ r+ P; j( _0 R3 R, c) W
4. an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of, a host of, if not most 替换 many. 4 A& Y X4 r/ o+ Y2 B; [2 N+ e
5. a slice of, quiet a few 替换 some. / \- d3 z4 D" m5 J
6. harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that 替换 think。
6 Z9 G# [1 g5 n/ G/ Q7. affair, business, matter 替换 thing.
) M+ W1 d: }4 V) M8. shared 替换 common . * K: w) }6 ^% Q5 Z0 B5 }
9. reap huge fruits 替换 get many benefits.
, L& B' k# Y. C# b) k* G: @! m10. for my part ,from my own perspective 替换 in my opinion. 8 ^+ R# A' b' N+ T( l2 L
11. Increasing(ly), growing 替换 more and more（注意没有growingly这种形式。所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing修饰形容词，副词用increasingly.） 7 s9 A( g+ [! _7 [6 q+ ?) G
12. little if anything或little or nothing 替换 hardly.
# X9 s, K2 d3 i# e* t# f, ^6 l. P13. beneficial, rewarding 替换 helpful. . g7 |1 c* k5 F1 y3 p
14. shopper, client, consumer, purchaser 替换 customer.
! z" j9 |0 s( K9 v, n15. overwhelmingly, exceedingly, extremely, intensely 替换 very. 0 o& G1 k1 W8 p* L/ n
16. hardly necessary, hardly inevitable…替换 unnecessary, avoidable. 0 W; E: N5 J4 t2 n8 Y6 s! F
17. indispensable 替换 necessary.
5 g8 F2 a# q/ |1 ]% ?# q18. sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替换sb take interest in / sb. be interested in.
2 I% l0 c( s7 M @19. capture one's attention 替换 attract one's attention.
) x+ J; z0 e! o20. facet, demension, sphere 替换 aspet. * ~, M+ h. k# l: }7 }) h; T
21. be indicative of, be suggestive of, be fearful of 替换 indicate,suggest, fear. . l) q$ c' B7 l" x1 `6 ^
22. give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替换 cause. + S/ v$ K* Q( }
23. There are several reasons behind sth 替换…reasons for sth. 8 }( V5 D7 ?$ b) f! b
24. desire 替换 want.
8 C c5 U4 e# J25. pour attention into 替换 pay attention to.
6 k* S2 z% N- J* i8 b2 w' @7 P26. bear in mind that 替换 remember. 6 V3 I9 f7 Z! _, G% x
27. enjoy, possess 替换 have（注意process是过程的意思）。
* ~) p! L' s* u3 D+ k* s28. interaction 替换 communication.
) u. N W% d+ `; r5 O29. frown on sth 替换 be against , disagree with sth .
6 m h d# C6 D30. as an example 替换 for example, for instance.
& i0 a% Y9 a6 B% V5 g31. next to / virtually impossible 替换 nearly / almost impossible. , ^# m# d% ^; V8 s( i' B
32. regarding / concerning 替换 about. ! w7 ]4 A+ s1 K5 d
33. crucial /paramount 替换 important.
/ ^. j) S9 V& q/ o, e; y9 S3 V34. 第一（in the first place/the first and foremost）；第二（there is one more point, I should touch on, that…）；第三（the last but not the least）. , g2 l1 ?; w+ J5 _; k/ E0 e& r
35. assiduous 替换 hard-working. & V: T# z& X+ U# r; X) v+ o
36. arduous 替换 difficult. ; k" J# C' [- D1 P" x% M! V$ {% |
37. underdeveloped / financially-challenged 替换poor（因为poor通常含有贬义）.
, \' H" Y& O/ J, Y4 W3 x4 S38. demonstrate / manifest 替换 show. 6 r0 [; }5 e$ k) M
39. invariably 替换 always. 1 c6 @) j$ k* `/ e
40. perilous / hazardous替换 dangerous.
+ a. U9 `8 p. w4 \% N" }* a, m41. formidable 替换 difficult. 7 e6 t: ^( \1 o& Q) T) i# P+ u
42. quintessential 替换 typical（举例时常用，例如：a quintessential example should be cited that=for example; for instance）.
& P8 _1 j: q2 C. P43. distinguished 替换 famous. 1 _) C. Q$ b' u; ^* V2 |) p% H
44. feasible 替换 possible.
% g" N" A) Z+ X) S* z# h6 e45. consequently, accordingly替换 so.
1 m- ` A7 D% }, O+ h/ V6 {46. 通常，由数据推断出一定的结论，用Results indicate, infer, suggest, imply that……
" P3 j& e, Q; X47. 最常见的引述别人观点的词汇 Much of the research in sexual selection in the last two decades has examined how a female’s preference that does not influence her immediate reproductive success can still evolve if it is genetically correlated with another character under direct selection.(不要每次写到研究时总用study，可以用些其它的词汇，比如examine，work。) ) z; r* g' a( K% t
Two hypotheses for female preference evolution—runaway sexual selection and good genes selection—state that preferences evolve indirectly because they are genetically correlated with male traits that are under direct selection; that is, the preferences themselves are not under direct selection.(在引述别人的观点时，如果不能完全同意，使用state 比show更加中立些。)
# {& V8 }" ]/ b1 @0 d) C, P4 x7 kStudies of receiver biases suggest that such analogies might not be broadly applicable.(suggest,又一种较为客观的引述观点的表达方法。) + E; O1 g+ c* c6 r) d% N
Burley argued that the preference for red beaks is adaptive because it indicates male health, and this preference is then transferred to leg-band color.(argue,引用别人观点的又一表述。) * O$ o( f/ J: P. f$ Y- E7 O! i
According to the anti-monotony hypothesis, habituation plays an important role in the evolution of complex vocalizations in songbirds: Increased song complexity reduces habituation of neighboring males and courting females.(根据…) . ^# n$ N2 o+ {6 H ~9 F6 K% ]3 b
Previous studies of acoustic and bioluminescent interactions had emphasized potential advantages to group-signaling organization, such as minimizing predation, preserving species-specific signal characters, or increasing the attractiveness of the group.(带有小小的强调)
, K, X+ a' P% _# m48.常见的连接词有，However, also, in addition, consequently, afterwards, moreover, Furthermore, further, although, unlike, in contrast, Similarly, Unfortunately, alternatively, parallel results, In order to, despite, For example, Compared with, other results, thus, therefore……用好连接词能使文章层次清楚，意思明确。比如，叙述有时间顺序的事件或文献，最早的文献可用AA advocated it for the first time.接下来可用Then BB further demonstrated that. 再接下来，可用Afterwards, CC……如果还有，可用More recent studies by DD……
! G; d" }/ O0 O5 f8 {) D& r来源：丁香园
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发表于 2015-4-30 10:43:59
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